Science:寨卡候选疫苗为猴子提供全面保护 或将不久问世
http://cache1.bioon.com/fckup/2016/8/pharmon201608050953438822.jpg最近美国沃尔特里德陆军研究所与哈佛医学院的研究人员对一个非常有希望的寨卡候选疫苗完成了又一轮临床前研究，该研究发现这种候选疫苗能够保护恒河猴不受寨卡病毒的实验性感染。这表明该疫苗能够为非人灵长类动物提供全面保护，由于非人灵长类动物对疫苗的免疫应答与人类非常接近，因此可用于保护人类的疫苗或将更快问世。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Science上。沃尔特里德陆军研究所的研究人员及他们的合作者最近报道了一种寨卡纯化灭活病毒疫苗（ZPIV）对小鼠的保护性作用。这项最新的临床前试验在非人灵长类动物上进一步证实并拓展了之前的研究结果。
该文章指出该候选疫苗能够在初次接种之后的两周诱导结合抗体和中和抗体产生，在第四周进行第二次接种能够进一步促进上述反应。接种了疫苗的恒河猴在被实验性寨卡病毒感染以后得到了全面保护，病毒暴露后它们血液，尿液和其他分泌物中检测不到病毒存在。
该研究还对哈佛医学院开发的基于基因和载体的寨卡候选疫苗进行了评估，研究表明这些候选疫苗也能够保护非人灵长类动物不受病毒感染。研究人员没有观察到任何与疫苗有关的副作用。
研究人员希望对ZPIV疫苗的1期临床检测能够在今年开始。沃尔特里德陆军研究所已经制造出一批可以用于临床研究的ZPIV疫苗，并且他们还与赛诺菲巴斯德公司签署了合作研究和开发协议，将ZPIV技术转让给赛诺菲巴斯德公司，进行进一步大规模生产和研发。
来源：生物谷
Protective efficacy of multiple vaccine platforms against Zika virus challenge in rhesus monkeys
Peter Abbink1,*, Rafael A. Larocca1,*, Rafael A. De La Barrera2, Christine A. Bricault1, Edward T. Moseley1, Michael Boyd1, Marinela Kirilova1, Zhenfeng Li1, David Ng’ang’a1, Ovini Nanayakkara1, Ramya Nityanandam1, Noe B. Mercado1, Erica N. Borducchi1, Arshi Agarwal1, Amanda L. Brinkman1, Crystal Cabral1, Abishek Chandrashekar1, Patricia B. Giglio1, David Jetton1, Jessica Jimenez1, Benjamin C. Lee1, Shanell Mojta1, Katherine Molloy1, Mayuri Shetty1, George H. Neubauer1, Kathryn E. Stephenson1, Jean Pierre S. Peron3, Paolo M. de A. Zanotto3, Johnathan Misamore4, Brad Finneyfrock4, Mark G. Lewis4, Galit Alter5, Kayvon Modjarrad2,6, Richard G. Jarman2, Kenneth H. Eckels2, Nelson L. Michael2, Stephen J. Thomas2,†, Dan H. Barouch
Zika virus (ZIKV) is responsible for a major ongoing epidemic in the Americas and has been causally associated with fetal microcephaly. The development of a safe and effective ZIKV vaccine is therefore an urgent global health priority. Here we demonstrate that three different vaccine platforms protect against ZIKV challenge in rhesus monkeys. A purified inactivated virus vaccine induced ZIKV-specific neutralizing antibodies and completely protected monkeys against ZIKV strains from both Brazil and Puerto Rico. Purified immunoglobulin from vaccinated monkeys conferred passive protection in adoptive transfer studies. A plasmid DNA vaccine and a single-shot recombinant rhesus adenovirus serotype 52 vector expressing ZIKV prM-Env also elicited neutralizing antibodies and completely protected monkeys against ZIKV challenge. These data support the rapid clinical development of ZIKV vaccines for humans.
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/early/2016/08/03/science.aah6157.full
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