rojjer 发表于 2015-8-27 16:12:22

[转移贴]-Nature:发现流感抗宿主免疫新机制

原帖由ipsvirus发表于22/3/2012 16:54
来自美国纽约洛克菲勒大学等处的研究人员发现了流感病毒与宿主抗病毒相互作用的一种新机制:A型流感病毒NS1蛋白与组蛋白尾巴有相似序列,从而调控宿主有关基因表达,发挥抗宿主免疫作用。相关成果发表在最近一期Nature杂志上。

研究人员通过序列分析发现H3N2型流感病毒的免疫抑制蛋白NS1的C末端与组蛋白H3尾巴有相似序列,而组蛋白的修饰及与一些转录因子的作用能影响真核生物基因表达,因此研究人员对NS1组蛋白相似序列功能进行了研究。发现NS1蛋白能靶向一种称为PAF1转录延伸复合体(hPAF1C),干扰PAF1复合物的活性,而hPAF1C这一复合物在宿主抗病毒应答必需的基因表达中起重要作用。当NS1不能与hPAF1C结合时,流感病毒感染减弱,而将hPAF1C knock-down后细胞抗病毒基因表达下降,同时对病毒的敏感性也增加。

这项研究对于流感研究具有重要的意义,发现了一种新的机制,病毒通过模拟宿主分子达到抗病毒作用。NS1蛋白在不同病毒中是不同的,而其“尾巴”可能就是NS1蛋白最多变的部位之一了,一些流感病毒,比如H1N1就完全没有NS1尾巴,这是否有其他分子具有这种功能呢?作者自己也推测NS1尾巴可能有助于流感病毒长期存在于宿主体内。


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Suppression of the antiviral response by an influenza histone mimic

Ivan Marazzi, Jessica S. Y. Ho, Jaehoon Kim, Balaji Manicassamy, Scott Dewell, Randy A. Albrecht, Chris W. Seibert, Uwe Schaefer, Kate L. Jeffrey, Rab K. Prinjha, Kevin Lee, Adolfo García-Sastre, Robert G. Roeder & Alexander Tarakhovsky

Viral infection is commonly associated with virus-driven hijacking of host proteins. Here we describe a novel mechanism by which influenza virus affects host cells through the interaction of influenza non-structural protein 1 (NS1) with the infected cell epigenome. We show that the NS1 protein of influenza A H3N2 subtype possesses a histone-like sequence (histone mimic) that is used by the virus to target the human PAF1 transcription elongation complex (hPAF1C). We demonstrate that binding of NS1 to hPAF1C depends on the NS1 histone mimic and results in suppression of hPAF1C-mediated transcriptional elongation. Furthermore, human PAF1 has a crucial role in the antiviral response. Loss of hPAF1C binding by NS1 attenuates influenza infection, whereas hPAF1C deficiency reduces antiviral gene expression and renders cells more susceptible to viruses. We propose that the histone mimic in NS1 enables the influenza virus to affect inducible gene expression selectively, thus contributing to suppression of the antiviral response.

原文链接http://www.nature.com/nature/jou ... ll/nature10892.html

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