嵌合抗原受体修饰的T细胞对抗癌症治疗 - 中国病毒学论坛|我们一直在坚持！

The genetic modification and characterization ofT-cells with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) allow functionally distinctT-cell subsets to recognize specific tumor cells. The incorporation ofcostimulatory molecules or cytokines can enable engineered T-cells to eliminatetumor cells. CARs are generated by fusing the antigen-binding region of amonoclonal antibody (mAb) or other ligand to membrane-spanning andintracellular-signaling domains. They have recently shown clinical benefit inpatients treated with CD19-directed autologous T-cells. Recent successes suggestthat the modification of T-cells with CARs could be a powerful approach fordeveloping safe and effective cancer therapeutics. Here, we briefly reviewearly studies, consider strategies to improve the therapeutic potential andsafety, and discuss the challenges and future prospects for CAR T-cells incancer therapy.

基因修饰的和嵌合抗原受体修饰（CARs）的T细胞能够利用不同功能的T细胞亚群的特性来识别肿瘤细胞。共刺激分子或者是细胞因子能够帮助改造后的T细胞消除肿瘤细胞。通过融合一个单克隆抗体的抗原结合域或者其他跨越膜和细胞内的信号转导域的抗原结合区域，来生产CARs。最近的临床试验中，患者使用CD19介导的自体T细胞治疗取得了一部分临床的疗效。近期的成功显示使用CARs修饰的T细胞会是一种有效的、安全的治疗癌症的途径。在这里，我们简单的回顾了早期的研究，考虑一些策略来增加临床治疗潜力和安全性，并且讨论了CAR-T细胞治疗技术在癌症中的挑战和一些将来的治疗观点。