标题: 肠道细菌有助病毒感染 [打印本页] 作者: marine0425030 时间: 2015-2-3 22:31 标题: 肠道细菌有助病毒感染 肠道细菌有助病毒感染
研究人员发现小鼠乳腺肿瘤病毒(mouse mammary tumor virus, MMTV)能够劫持小鼠胃肠道细菌的脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide, LPS)以便引发Toll样受体4(toll-like receptor 4, TLR4)介导的免疫反应---最终产生一种使得病毒能够感染的抗炎症反应。这一发现表明通过使用抗生素干扰共生细菌可能会阻止病毒感染。
M. Kane et al., “Successful transmission of a retrovirus depends on the commensal microbiota,”Science, 334:245-9, 2011.
abstract
To establish chronic infections, viruses must develop strategies to evade the host's immune responses. Many retroviruses, including mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), are transmitted most efficiently through mucosal surfaces rich in microbiota. We found that MMTV, when ingested by newborn mice, stimulates a state of unresponsiveness toward viral antigens. This process required the intestinal microbiota, as antibiotic-treated mice or germ-free mice did not transmit infectious virus to their offspring. MMTV-bound bacterial lipopolysaccharide triggered Toll-like receptor 4 and subsequent interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent induction of the inhibitory cytokine IL-10. Thus, MMTV has evolved to rely on the interaction with the microbiota to induce an immune evasion pathway. Together, these findings reveal the fundamental importance of commensal microbiota in viral infections.