在一项新的研究中，来自美国斯坦福大学、阿拉米达县公共卫生实验室和加州大学旧金山分校的研究人员开发出的一种新型测试方法可能会改变这一点。这种新型测试方法将在测试杯中吐口水的便利性与血液测试的可靠性结合在一起。相关研究结果于2018年1月22日在线发表在PNAS期刊上，论文标题为“Antibody detection by agglutination–PCR (ADAP) enables early diagnosis of HIV infection by oral fluid analysis”。
作者: ipsvirus 时间: 2018-1-29 20:17 Antibody detection by agglutination–PCR (ADAP) enables early diagnosis of HIV infection by oral fluid analysis
Cheng-ting Tsai, Peter V. Robinson, Felipe de Jesus Cortez, Maria L. B. Elma, David Seftel, Narges Pourmandi, Mark W. Pandori and Carolyn R. Bertozzi
Oral fluid (OF) is a highly effective substrate for population-based HIV screening efforts, as it is noninfectious and significantly easier to collect than blood. However, anti-HIV antibodies are found at far lower concentrations in OF compared with blood, leading to poor sensitivity and a longer period of time from infection to detection threshold. Thus, despite its inherent advantages in sample collection, OF is not widely used for population screening. Here we report the development of an HIV OF assay based on Antibody Detection by Agglutination–PCR (ADAP) technology. This assay is 1,000–10,000 times more analytically sensitive than clinical enzyme-linked immunoassays (EIAs), displaying both 100% clinical sensitivity and 100% specificity for detecting HIV antibodies within OF samples. We show that the enhanced analytical sensitivity enables this assay to correctly identify HIV-infected individuals otherwise missed by current OF assays. We envision that the attributes of this improved HIV OF assay can increase testing rates of at-risk individuals while enabling diagnosis and treatment at an earlier time point.
