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标题: [转移帖]新H1N1疫苗生产用毒株已经确定,各国竞相索要 [打印本页]

作者: cao1976    时间: 2015-9-11 08:56
标题: [转移帖]新H1N1疫苗生产用毒株已经确定,各国竞相索要
原帖由论坛会员rojjer发表于 2009-5-31 10:54 :

日前,国家流感中心主任舒跃龙表示:历次大流感流行已经留下警告:流感的第二波、第三波疫情往往死亡的人数要大大超过第一波。现在,国内外流感专家判断,甲型H1N1流感第二波疫情可能会在秋天到来。那么,关于疫苗的生产是否已经有最新进展?中国公司是否有机会自主研发疫苗参加全球竞争?
      中国之声:天思,先给我们介绍一下甲型H1N1流感疫苗研发的进展如何?
      记者:好的。据国家流感中心主任舒跃龙说:疫苗生产已经有了最新的进展,北京时间27号,也就是昨天上午,世卫组织在美国CDC确定了最终的疫苗生产用毒株。这个疫苗毒株的选择是非常复杂并且专业的过程,世卫要从全球各个国家网络发出的毒株中进行筛选。从变异程度,流行情况,以及复制能力是否足够疫苗生产,是否符合计算机配产的管理要求等方面进行筛选。据了解,过去,季节性流感疫苗生产的选择世卫组织一般要用五个工作日确定,这一次用的时间更多。世卫组织之前所说的“7月中旬投产”,是指大批量生产的起始时间,之前会进行小批量的生产测试,不断修正工艺,确保安全。
      中国之声:天思,据你了解,我国有没有公司能够研发甲型H1N1流感疫苗?
      记者:是这样的,世卫只是提供了一个种子,也就是说确定了最终的疫苗生产用毒株。但是,如何发芽结果还得看疫苗生产公司。据我了解,全球的疫苗生产公司都可以向世卫组织索要毒株,最后谁最先做出成熟的产品,取决于他们的技术水平。中国方面据我所知,北京、上海的一些企业也在不断紧密与世卫组织联系,希望获取毒株进行疫苗研发。
      中国之声:天思,根据国家流感中心掌握的现有自采数据,结合世界卫生组织共享的数据,目前从对甲型H1N1流感病毒评估的结果来看,病毒的毒性、传播力等是否发生了变化?
      记者:国家流感中心主任舒跃龙说,通过对现有共享毒株的分析,甲型H1N1流感在毒性上类似于季节性流感,但现在不能肯定病毒会否发生变异。现在从各个区域采集的毒株情况来看,在基因序列上是高度同源的,基本没有差距,因此根据现在的数据分析,甲型H1N1流感病毒没有发生变异

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这次疫苗候选毒株还是由传统方法制备出来的,由New York Medical College的病毒学家Doris Bucher制备。与季节性流感不同的是,她不是直接使用PR8,而是用了所谓的NYMC X-157(NYMC as in "New York Medical Center;" it's a hybrid of an H3N2 seasonal virus and the so-called "Puerto Rico strain," A/PR/8/34, that's used to speed the growth of seasonal flu vaccine),当然只是为了避免新h1n1与PR8可能产生的交叉反应。她们获得了四株病毒。

同时韩国学者Sang-heui也利用的反向遗传技术获得了一个病毒株,不过CDC却没有同意应用(原因是:the methods Sang-heui used were not suitable and that his virus was not considered a viable candidate.)
作者: cao1976    时间: 2015-9-11 08:58
gywmail发表于 2009-5-31 18:58:

这次疫苗候选毒株还是又传统方法制备出来的,由New York Medical College的病毒学家Doris Bucher制备。与季节性流感不同的是,她不是直接使用PR8,而是用了所谓的NYMC X-157(NYMC as in "New York Medical Center;" it's a hybrid of an H3N2 seasonal virus and the so-called "Puerto Rico strain," A/PR/8/34, that's used to speed the growth of seasonal flu vaccine),当然只是为了避免新h1n1与PR8可能产生的交叉反应。她们获得了四株病毒。

解释:
For the H1N1, we don't want to use the Puerto Rico strain, as it itself is also an H1N1 virus, so you risk running into some cross-reactivity. Having a donor strain from a different flu subtype, which is immunologically more different, just makes the entire antibody-selection process much easier. Four or five years ago, we realized we needed a good donor strain for H1N1 targets, so we used a strain that we called, in honour of our institution, NYMC X-157, a reassortant between the PR/8/34 and an H3N2 strain. X-157 was the H3N2 component in the 2005-06 vaccine. It has six genes from the high-yield Puerto Rico strain, so although it's essentially a high-yield PR/8/34, its surface is largely H3N2. So to the immune system it looks like an H3N2 strain, making it a better donor strain when you are dealing with an H1N1 target virus. And X-157 has shown great ability to reassort with H1N1 targets.
作者: cao1976    时间: 2015-9-11 08:58
Rojjer发表于 2009-6-2 10:17:

Candidate vaccine viruses are being developed by a number of laboratories as indicated by WHO .

A/California/7/2009 (egg isolate) – classical reassortment and reverse genetics

A/England/195/2009 (MDCK cell isolate) – reverse genetics

A/California/4/2009 (MDCK isolate) – reverse genetics

A/Texas/5/2009 (MDCK isolate) - reverse genetics

A/Ohio/7/2009 (MDCK isolate) - reverse genetics

A/New York/20/2009 (MDCK isolate) - reverse genetics

More infomation:http://www.nibsc.ac.uk/flu_site/viruses_reagents.html




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