[转移贴]新药或可治疗西尼罗河病毒感染

viruskiller

原贴由wwwkkk83发表于 2008-8-13 08:55

科学家发现了一种用药物治疗西尼罗河病毒感染的方法，这种药物最初是为治疗艾滋病病毒感染而设计的，它的工作原理是刺激人体自身的免疫系统。通常由蚊子传播的西尼罗河病毒如今在北美的一些地区流行，每年导致数百人死于脑炎，死者通常是老年人和免疫低下的人。目前这种病毒还没有疫苗。Robyn  Klein 及其同事为感染西尼罗河病毒的小鼠注射了一种称为AMD3100的化合物（也被称为Plerixafor），它最初是为了治疗艾滋病病毒而开发的。  

这种分子的工作原理是阻断一种受体，该受体有助于让免疫细胞安全地留在血脑屏障之后。通过阻断被感染小鼠的这种受体，这组作者让称为T 细胞的白细胞因为打破血脑屏障而获得了自由，让这些细胞可以清除这种病毒感染。接受这种治疗的实验动物在感染后的8天恢复，而未接受治疗的小鼠继续患病直至死亡。这组科学家提出，他们的研究可能既为治疗西尼罗河病毒感染，也为治疗其他形式的病毒性脑炎提供了一种新方法。相关论文发表在美国《国家科学院院刊》（PNAS）上。（来源：EurekAlert!中文版）

viruskiller

Rojjer发表于 2008-8-17 09:21 ：

PNAS，doi: 10.1073/pnas.0800898105，Erin E. McCandless，Robyn S. Klein

CXCR4 antagonism increases T cell trafficking in the central nervous system and improves survival from West Nile virus encephalitis

Erin E. McCandless*, Bo Zhang†, Michael S. Diamond*,†,‡, and Robyn S. Klein*,†,§,¶

+Author Affiliations

Departments of *Pathology and Immunology,
†Internal Medicine,
‡Molecular Microbiology, and
§Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110
Edited by Wayne M. Yokoyama, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, and approved June 3, 2008 (received for review January 28, 2008)

Abstract
The migration of lymphocytes into the CNS during viral encephalitis is hindered by the blood–brain barrier (BBB) such that most infiltrating cells remain localized to perivascular spaces. This sequestration of leukocytes away from the parenchyma is believed to protect the CNS from immunopathologic injury. Infections of the CNS with highly cytopathic neurotropic viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), however, require the parenchymal penetration of T lymphocytes for virus clearance and survival, suggesting that perivascular localization might hinder antiviral immune responses during WNV encephalitis. Using human and murine brain specimens from individuals with WNV encephalitis, we evaluated the expression of CXCL12 and its receptor, CXCR4, at the BBB and tested the hypothesis that inhibition of CXCR4 would promote T lymphocyte entry into the CNS parenchyma and increase viral clearance. Antagonism of CXCR4 significantly improved survival from lethal infection through enhanced intraparenchymal migration of WNV-specific CD8+ T cells within the brain, leading to reduced viral loads and, surprisingly, decreased immunopathology at this site. The benefits of enhanced CD8+ T cell infiltration suggest that pharmacologic targeting of CXCR4 may have therapeutic utility for the treatment of acute viral infections of the CNS.

viruskiller

馋猫 发表于 2009-10-11 11:05 ：哈哈，这些没戏的药都出来发文章了，发文章就说明距离成药基本无望

viruskiller

pumcpzg发表于 2009-10-11 13:47 ：


To 楼上馋猫：这个观点有点偏差。
1. 有些药物可以同时治疗多种疾病，或对某种疾病有较好的治疗作用，而对另一种疾病的治疗作用相对弱。
2.现在有较多的老药新用，随着研究的深入，发现老药有新的作用机制，因此用于新领域。
3. 发文章不等于成药无望，反而可能更能引起注意（但要在有知识产权的情况下），更能促进成为药物。