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由于HIV病毒能够在感染细胞中以潜伏状态长期存活,因此受到HIV病毒感染的病人需要终生使用抗逆转录病毒疗法进行治疗,如果中断抗逆转录病毒疗法的使用会导致HIV病毒的反弹,促进艾滋病的临床进展。
最近,来自美国Scripps研究所的研究人员发现天然化合物Cortistatin A 能够降低感染细胞内潜伏的残余病毒水平,建立一种近于永久性的病毒潜伏期,大大减弱病毒的重激活能力。
Cortistatin A是从一种海绵动物中分离得到的天然化合物,之前有研究表明Cortistatin A能够靶向Tat蛋白,而Tat蛋白能够呈几何级地增加病毒的产生。在这项研究中,研究人员发现Cortistatin A几乎完全抑制了病毒转录激活因子Tat的功能,能够显著降低病毒mRNA水平,阻断病毒蛋白合成进而抑制HIV病毒在感染细胞内的复制。研究人员从接受不同抗逆转录病毒药物治疗的9名病人体内分离得到处于病毒潜伏期的原代T细胞,进行HIV病毒重激活检测,结果发现Cortistatin A能够大大降低病毒的重激活率。
总得来说,这项研究在目前抗HIV治疗方法的基础上提出了一个新的策略,利用天然化合物Cortistatin A可以在不使用其他治疗药物的前提下显著延缓抑制HIV病毒的反弹。这表明以类似Cortistatin A的Tat抑制剂对目前的HIV治疗方法进行补充,可以达到更高的治疗效果,显著降低病毒水平,防止潜伏病毒的重激活。
近日,相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊mBio上。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1128/mBio.00465-15
The Tat Inhibitor Didehydro-Cortistatin A Prevents HIV-1 Reactivation from Latency
Guillaume Mousseaua, Cari F. Kessingb*, Rémi Fromentinb*, Lydie Trautmannb*, Nicolas Chomontb*, Susana T. Valente
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) inhibits HIV-1 replication, but the virus persists in latently infected resting memory CD4+ T cells susceptible to viral reactivation. The virus-encoded early gene product Tat activates transcription of the viral genome and promotes exponential viral production. Here we show that the Tat inhibitor didehydro-cortistatin A (dCA), unlike other antiretrovirals, reduces residual levels of viral transcription in several models of HIV latency, breaks the Tat-mediated transcriptional feedback loop, and establishes a nearly permanent state of latency, which greatly diminishes the capacity for virus reactivation. Importantly, treatment with dCA induces inactivation of viral transcription even after its removal, suggesting that the HIV promoter is epigenetically repressed. Critically, dCA inhibits viral reactivation upon CD3/CD28 or prostratin stimulation of latently infected CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected subjects receiving suppressive ART. Our results suggest that inclusion of a Tat inhibitor in current ART regimens may contribute to a functional HIV-1 cure by reducing low-level viremia and preventing viral reactivation from latent reservoirs.
http://news.bioon.com/article/6671106.html
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