E-First: 人类新发冠状病毒与宿主固有抗病毒反应之间的...

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Virologica Sinica 最新上线文章！ 在线时间：2016-01-15

题目：人类新发冠状病毒与宿主固有抗病毒反应之间的分子军备竞赛

作者：黄乐贤，吕柏贤，金冬雁*

作者单位：香港大学生物医学学院

摘要：冠状病毒与人类的密切关系可以上溯几千年。长期以来一般认为社区获得性人类冠状病毒只引起普通感冒，然而，高致病性并引起严重呼吸道疾病的严重急性呼吸道综合征(SARS)冠状病毒和中东呼吸道综合征(MERS)冠状病毒的发现改变了这一观念，人与动物共患性冠状病毒如今已经成为全球注意的焦点。这些病毒的感染对干扰素的诱导往往不太显著，用重组干扰素治疗受感染的病人也有一定效果，表明干扰素表达所受到的抑制至少与疾病的严重程度有些关系。有关冠状病毒逃避宿主固有抗病毒反应的机理是近年研究的热点。本文集中讨论宿主固有抗病毒免疫系统与人类新发冠状病毒之间激烈的分子军备竞赛。一方面，本文将概述宿主方面用以对付SARS和MERS冠状病毒感染的病原体识别受体及其信号转导通路；另一方面，本文也将详细介绍SARS和MERS冠状病毒在进化过程中获取的对抗宿主防御反应的反制措施。加深对宿主与冠状病毒之间动态相互作用的了解，有助于揭示新发现的高致病性人类冠状病毒的致病机理并研制新的抗病毒药物。

关键词：中东呼吸道综合征冠状病毒；天然抗病毒反应；I型干扰素；免疫逃逸


Title: A molecular arms race between host innate antiviral response and emerging human coronaviruses


Authors: Lok-Yin Roy Wong, Pak-Yin Lui, Dong-Yan Jin*


Affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China


Abstract: Coronaviruses have been closely related with mankind for thousands of years. Communityacquired human coronaviruses have long been recognized to cause common cold. However,zoonotic coronaviruses are now becoming more a global concern with the discovery of highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) coronaviruses causing severe respiratory diseases. Infections by these emerging human coronaviruses are characterized by less robust interferon production. Treatment of patients with recombinant interferon regimen promises beneficial outcomes, suggesting that compromised interferon expression might contribute at least partially to the severity of disease. The mechanisms by which coronaviruses evade host innate antiviral response are under intense investigations. This review focuses on the fierce arms race between host innate antiviral immunity and emerging human coronaviruses. Particularly, the host pathogen recognition receptors and the signal transduction pathways to mount an effective antiviral response against SARS and MERS coronavirus infection are discussed. On the other hand, the counter-measures evolved by SARS and MERS coronaviruses to circumvent host defense are also dissected. With a better understanding of the dynamic interaction between host and coronaviruses, it is hoped that insights
on the pathogenesis of newly-identified highly pathogenic human coronaviruses and new strategies in antiviral development can be derived.


KEYWORDS: MERS-CoV; SARS-CoV; innate antiviral response; type I interferons; immune evasion

全文地址: http://www.virosin.org/efirst/m00001/EF1601150000020cJ.pdf

来源: E-First: 人类新发冠状病毒与宿主固有抗病毒反应之间的...