南京农大周继勇团队Lancet子刊比较分析不同埃博拉病毒检

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南京农大周继勇团队Lancet子刊比较分析不同埃博拉病毒检测方法并提出建议

2016年2月23日，南京农业大学以第一完成单位联合中国科学院微生物研究所以及加拿大曼尼托巴大学，在国际顶尖医学期刊《LANCET  INFECTIOUS  DISEASES 》发表了题为“Diagnostic strategies for Ebola virus detection”的分析文章。该文章通讯作者为南京农业大学长江学者周继勇教授和中国科学院青年传染病专家毕玉海副研究员。

埃博拉病毒(EBOV)是引起人类和灵长类动物发生埃博拉出血热(EBHF)的烈性病毒，由此引起的出血热是当今世界上最致命的病毒性出血热，已造成10次具有规模的爆发流行，夺取了数千人的生命。2014年该病毒再度爆发，相关地区付出了惨痛的代价。

多国研究人员联合分析了3种WHO主要用于诊断埃博拉病毒的试剂盒： RealStar Filovirus Screen RT-PCR Kit 1.0 (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), ReEBOV Antigen Rapid Test Kit (Corgenix, Broomfield, CO, USA),and Xpert Ebola Assay (Cepheid AB, Sunnyvale, CA, USA)。通过数据分析和比较发现快速诊断试剂盒可以快速的筛选出患者，但是快速诊断试剂盒有较高的检测极限、敏感性不高，需要通过RT-qPCR或测序进行进一步确诊。文章最后提出埃博拉检测未来的研究应该注重于改进RT-qPCR的方法，优化检测的灵敏度，目标能够在病人发病早期检测出病毒。该篇文章对检测实验室针对不同情况下埃博拉病毒检测方法的选择和使用具有重要指导意义。

该文章也是中国科学院毕玉海副研究员作为通讯作者继柳叶刀，Cell子刊后，再一次发表关于有关新发传染病防控研究的高水平文章。

Diagnostic strategies for Ebola virus detection

Mobile laboratories for highly dangerous pathogens were deployed in west Africa during the 2014–16 outbreak of Ebola virus disease. These laboratories have substantially reduced the burden on medical professionals by providing on-site diagnostics. 1 One study estimated that if 60% of patients with Ebola virus disease are diagnosed within 1 day of symptom onset, instead of the current average of 5 days, the virus attack rate drops from 80% to nearly 0%. 2 This finding emphasises the substantial eff ect of a rapid, accurate, clinical diagnosis of Ebola virus disease supported by laboratory tests. Several diagnostic assays were authorised by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for emergency use during the outbreak (appendix). Here, we analyse the use of the three kits that were also approved by WHO (table): RealStar Filovirus Screen RT-PCR Kit 1.0 (Altona Diagnostics GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), 3 ReEBOV Antigen Rapid Test Kit (Corgenix, Broomfield, CO, USA), 4 and Xpert Ebola Assay (Cepheid AB, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).

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