科学家发现一种艾滋病病毒抗体

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科学家发现一种艾滋病病毒抗体或有望研发出预防艾滋病的疫苗

澳大利亚墨尔本大学日前宣布，该校研究人员在一些艾滋病病毒携带者身上识别出一种艾滋病病毒抗体，有望在此基础上研发出预防艾滋病的疫苗。

研究人员在分析100名艾滋病病毒携带者血液样本时发现，这些人感染艾滋病病毒后，体内能够产生一种抗体，这种抗体可促使人体免疫系统找到并攻击艾滋病病毒，从而不会发病。

领导这项研究的墨尔本大学教授斯蒂芬·肯特介绍说，这种抗体不能起到治愈艾滋病的效果，但如果人们在感染艾滋病病毒前获得这种抗体，则可能起到预防效果。

肯特表示，他们下一步将在此基础上研发预防艾滋病的疫苗。

相关研究报告已刊发在美国《国家科学院学报》（PNAS）上。

Immune escape from HIV-specific antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) pressure
Amy W. Chunga,1, Gamze Isitmana,1, Marjon Navisa, Marit Kramskia, Rob J. Centera, Stephen J. Kenta,b,c,1,2, and Ivan Stratova,b,c,1
+ Author Affiliations

aDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
bMelbourne Sexual Health Clinic, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; and
cInfectious Diseases Unit, Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC 3181, Australia
Edited by Peter C. Doherty, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia, and approved March 23, 2011 (received for review October 26, 2010)

【Abstract】Effective immunity to HIV is poorly understood. In particular, a role for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) in controlling HIV is controversial. We hypothesized that significant pressure from HIV-specific ADCC would result in immune-escape variants. A series of ADCC epitopes in HIV-infected subjects to specific consensus strain HIV peptides were mapped using a flow cytometric assay for natural killer cell activation. We then compared the ADCC responses to the same peptide epitope derived from the concurrent HIV sequence(s) expressed in circulating virus. In 9 of 13 epitopes studied, ADCC antibodies were unable to recognize the concurrent HIV sequence. Our studies suggest ADCC responses apply significant immune pressure on the virus. This result has implications for the induction of ADCC responses by HIV vaccines.

http://www.pnas.org/content/108/18/7505
发表于 2011-5-8 10:09 版主503814