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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
1 B+ z2 T0 m; d) Z; F3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） 3 e- _) j @+ I2 \6 }6 O
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many. - J/ J* O, m- u4 v
5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some. ) y e# V& R/ O
6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
5 e* u/ V7 n- _7 B3 S- ^+ Y7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
$ C ]- Q6 k6 h8 v8. shared 替换 common . , q0 e: V" l K* s) D
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
# W) I% C( K3 c6 G) B, T10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. ' [+ W6 c8 h0 I
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
# p! i: J5 M$ N+ j" B8 I+ S12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
2 l; K0 P: }4 \; ^13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful. $ n1 f, Q1 q" T; D
14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer. * U4 J3 B7 n# ^
15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very.
( e5 a- z6 G' f0 K7 a16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
& G* n6 r' M2 J) |* @" p' c! F17. indispensable 替换 necessary. 3 l( P8 E5 t0 b; w! R [
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. % y4 K/ S& i! p. p8 S; v
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention.
" t/ B# s$ {+ W20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. 1 s/ j K/ L0 ~% t
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
& q( ^ e# \( O7 S+ V22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
B+ X4 y ^ b5 i; P: Z# F' E# B23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth.
4 L: O% ?& n4 f3 M# Y2 e$ x24. desire 替换 want.
6 K! a1 e3 U& R6 f& m7 X- _25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
/ j& ~3 Z. c5 U7 W26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. ! ^% x5 b4 M& Q
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 / U2 j) P1 f8 B% t( l& @
28. interaction 替换 communication. 8 E# V$ ?! @1 o0 H" W4 z
29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
1 b. y, m+ d# u7 \" A/ O30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance. - O# b+ x" I+ X! U, p
31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
% R# F$ X: N5 E1 s9 d3 p32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. 3 |' l3 t; R/ H8 [! h; b+ z
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important.
; v5 X1 M1 t6 s. E. ^0 M, T( K34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. 1 \ }4 _0 F/ Z$ |6 B* ]
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. - S* z3 c7 Y0 T7 ~0 F
36. arduous 替换 difficult. : T" X1 p7 N% G% S+ l" p- D& }
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）. , b0 \& J. j. Q. S
38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show.
. l$ N; H8 V |& I9 o) ?* [# S39. invariably 替换 always. + h& O: M+ w$ J! l y
40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
5 D+ L% _ r- `% M' N5 @41. formidable 替换 difficult. " R0 N* f0 o+ K
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. 7 L$ `) k8 c; n/ m8 O
43. distinguished 替换 famous.
. `6 j. [0 ?) w3 s+ _, ^1 n44. feasible 替换 possible. / v5 x# Y# g3 Q/ b$ z" F( s6 y$ @
45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
# Y) M" i7 S9 v9 O46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
' J2 T# Z1 c4 O1 V( W2 p+ e47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) ) ?, N8 C9 L y" H3 ]1 [- c
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
0 ^- ?$ t6 c1 z6 H% a; AStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。) 6 I! f$ k' L4 j1 a9 W' N( Z
Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) " b) ?* }: A w8 |% r8 P
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) ; c, c8 a1 V0 g
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) 0 a4 }! d- v/ t% E+ J- X
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD……
( ^6 u% L4 ?) v' e8 T8 U来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
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