|
1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good. , _" o7 q* f3 g& p3 O6 {7 }
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。）
% q" J5 o% J9 N- n4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many. 9 D, _, z/ J- y/ Q* `" _0 {
5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
- K/ t, B; i4 C) o3 z6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。 3 v: L# j3 G T% X
7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing. % m5 Q2 @6 n+ Q# `7 f7 r5 E
8. shared 替换 common . ' N; \! r' b" G/ H+ D7 S% F- Y3 F
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits.
8 F0 ~- K- C7 _' k10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. 4 S# g' o. a2 P5 h% [" x
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
4 z; Q+ x6 s- D' Z$ x2 p1 y! P9 c12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly. , X5 C4 L) `7 M1 U7 s+ D
13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful. 8 [( W' c8 h+ D
14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
+ E' i2 x4 c8 _6 R15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. " B7 L j+ B+ R4 K# g$ X/ e
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable.
: C& {" R+ ~- G5 B' B2 g17. indispensable 替换 necessary. + |7 L! K/ ?9 Z9 Z
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. ; E) k! _9 S( D; I/ L( J
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. $ [4 s1 b) j4 I" d( O. s1 [( j+ R* p
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. 3 Z) L1 P% p! |- g) u, K
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
) {5 Q" E* v+ W' U: X8 a' S22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause.
' Q- ?8 V( n1 @( S- y23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. ' _9 @. I/ J( E4 J. u' ?
24. desire 替换 want.
# I$ U* @8 R0 P* N+ ?2 s d; e25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
" b3 z0 Q3 [4 l6 b. v' M26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.
( m" Y z5 {4 R1 A6 L27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。 * J4 @) Y7 e; V5 p* X, w4 v( l; T
28. interaction 替换 communication.
: }/ e$ e: l/ N0 h29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . , Q( H& ] o4 o% M5 L& U
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
4 m; e8 P. ~' _( y* a2 R$ H* i, ~31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible. 4 \$ C; h! [0 b! F
32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. : X4 U& r' v H
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important. 2 h) U& Z a8 u3 [+ ^# V
34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
" v8 U f2 v% { h35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. G4 U/ F. _" c/ `
36. arduous 替换 difficult. 9 G8 W6 ~$ @; F- f3 Y2 `
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）. 0 @0 ~0 D* J) {" d6 m" w, T
38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. : P. H8 C. w `+ Y3 X3 [# X m
39. invariably 替换 always.
! u/ v7 f. F0 X0 `1 T40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
+ E+ \ P+ C5 _# h. c5 A' ~! q41. formidable 替换 difficult. ( k( m( {0 A. u% J/ P" Z
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. * a9 F$ T C! f2 ~3 `/ F6 z y
43. distinguished 替换 famous.
+ K8 `* a8 F* V. i- \44. feasible 替换 possible.
2 Y# `" \: T) b* `45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
$ p6 W3 D& z9 h; y6 z46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that…… $ c! x$ n9 H! N: S) y$ H' z5 k8 I
47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。) / Y0 B/ C0 L+ C) R. M" A0 Q5 B
Two hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) 2 M( F; x- @$ W; [5 I! Y# X" Q5 ?
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
1 C$ d! r( D3 O1 a8 R; mBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) + i0 s: j4 _) y+ H! t: L T% v- K
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) 3 \" e7 d& i: z& Z# N" w
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
$ o0 |7 d# c/ o0 f8 T48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… % P0 B2 l& {5 v* w( h; `- N% l
来源：丁香园
0 D( N1 e# J$ o' c: K2 [6 A( ` | 
发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
