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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good. : b* K, c+ ?+ O) y. M$ Y
3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） % ]* n. o) A3 D1 h& J6 T
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many. # [4 o& W% k8 r* u% o/ c H
5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
: ? B0 ]1 M6 X" k- p" h6 _8 R; B6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
# E& U- Z$ ?( L5 P( E, D5 ` X8 U7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
, S% X% S1 p+ m" i# O# M8. shared 替换 common . * } Q# s2 {2 H" V9 N
9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. 1 l( x- Y/ D" I K
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion.
3 {3 j; M5 t( E3 S, o8 h11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.）
6 u {& p8 U+ n12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
$ R2 l9 m/ `1 j, E7 G13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
/ Y- ?3 H) N O& c; v- I$ ?6 [14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
1 b0 i5 }5 S& B; M7 f15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. 6 y* A& O$ F0 r1 x; l
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. $ ]: E' @' ~' e% v
17. indispensable 替换 necessary.
. w4 c [0 S% i' T- _18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in. + X+ P) `5 W1 b R/ S3 T" L: m. C
19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. / a+ |$ D! h" G. Z! S
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet.
+ z2 {, Y" k P8 N21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
; [% [; Z; V: M! _8 Q. c. y22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. 2 N) m/ K- \3 f$ r" T; j( o; r
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. $ }+ X" M0 Y0 P1 ] ~5 r
24. desire 替换 want.
" O7 f0 ?0 ]: d3 l7 t! F25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to.
$ @* d f& t8 a2 y0 z: h26. bear in mind that 替换 remember. % j! W1 `( X: M4 T4 f2 _7 j
27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
; L# o* {3 G/ ?& @28. interaction 替换 communication.
: I; `% a* a" K6 W29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth . 2 x* S2 g1 m; @ w9 H
30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
4 T# K2 a, M0 C9 }31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible.
' [$ f1 L7 O0 l$ v$ k% r1 G32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. 6 X7 f$ h- i: W$ k2 ^/ |
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important. " @8 i+ K* [% {+ j3 T
34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）. 0 w! h* a0 i% d9 @* ~
35. assiduous 替换 hard-working.
9 Q8 a% N% z: j Y5 T, ?36. arduous 替换 difficult.
" O! C4 c* H m1 u37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
& z# W' j5 K5 i- {2 v9 o38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. 0 j9 o* Z4 T8 m
39. invariably 替换 always.
8 G, e- U( ~9 ~/ Q' }. u/ I6 r40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous.
; L1 H: i0 H8 s* {5 Y" U+ \; h4 J41. formidable 替换 difficult. # F2 c$ z. E5 i8 F: T- T/ l7 X
42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）.
8 E. x; ^( O/ q43. distinguished 替换 famous. 3 m% H) ]; I! x
44. feasible 替换 possible. ! |2 A) X: Q- u6 }& \
45. consequently, accordingly替换 so.
2 R; w8 H; S7 j$ v% f& U5 b* r) K46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that…… 7 k. z2 X2 `$ o, e$ s* ~
47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
2 m" ~7 A: B' P- x* t. d$ y+ RTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。)
?) o3 E; W' W0 Q( mStudies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。)
0 i8 e, _' [, n& aBurley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。)
8 G5 i1 m5 I9 ~9 y( g* t" r2 g0 GAccording to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…) ' P7 D. L+ @/ L3 F# S
Previous studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调) % z5 z2 N4 I" a! v
48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD…… 8 d: ]* R/ K# n* T; s
来源：丁香园 : \8 {! g9 T( v0 u# y
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
