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1. individuals, characters, folks 替换 people , persons. 2. positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good.
9 Y2 ]3 y+ }4 r+ u7 Q3. dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill 替换 bad（如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换。） 9 X3 |- @+ V! f( F# f' I
4. an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, if not most 替换 many.
- [/ c6 O7 ?! s, T" C2 ]5. a slice of, quiet a few 替换 some.
4 _- i) w, W, k6. harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that 替换 think。
9 e+ I a0 f1 I5 H# h( F" O8 [7. affair, business, matter 替换 thing.
/ G, Y+ D F$ O/ } w, b& v! W% j8. shared 替换 common .
) z& ]8 e9 S$ m& [' `: A9. reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits. 6 @. x y9 z% \# M4 A
10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion. / ^. ~) U- B! N: ?- c) k" N+ `
11. Increasing(ly), growing 替换 more and more（注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.） / ]3 k P6 o. n x9 Q
12. little if anything或little or nothing 替换 hardly.
# u5 e% g0 [3 w+ z2 g13. beneficial, rewarding 替换 helpful.
" h" V$ C, s2 _& w2 D. Q$ B1 @8 W8 o) |14. shopper, client, consumer, purchaser 替换 customer.
# ?1 I: u' U9 A8 K% I7 T15. overwhelmingly, exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换 very. 7 K9 F& y# ~9 R6 o
16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable…替换 unnecessary, avoidable. 3 J* \/ Y/ v6 v0 w4 p$ w( |- C
17. indispensable 替换 necessary. / ~* ]! |. t' G% M# E" [
18. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in.
8 }2 Y$ F/ h5 \$ }5 F19. capture one's attention 替换 attract one's attention. ; V5 q3 F2 S( ]9 B1 Y) r9 b
20. facet, demension, sphere 替换 aspet. ( b" r6 {$ j3 @9 J9 _) S
21. be indicative of, be suggestive of, be fearful of 替换 indicate,suggest, fear.
+ `' ^3 G5 u! R: r9 p" @; B( @# j22. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换 cause. 1 ^' F- U7 o: g, w+ b6 p
23. There are several reasons behind sth 替换…reasons for sth. - P1 I' p" ]% z
24. desire 替换 want.
0 r7 S5 {- [+ H1 Q; j9 `$ _7 C25. pour attention into 替换 pay attention to. 6 ^5 F9 Z0 X1 m F* U$ q3 k0 B
26. bear in mind that 替换 remember.
9 s5 B$ P6 l1 g) V; f27. enjoy, possess 替换 have（注意process是过程的意思）。
6 j0 f; @( {6 L/ H+ s' A2 `7 M5 ^28. interaction 替换 communication.
, ]0 B" {: ]2 S3 v) Q" |29. frown on sth 替换 be against , disagree with sth .
1 b* X& f. x3 L$ g30. as an example 替换 for example, for instance.
0 Q* z/ m/ @ R$ p; V" k9 R31. next to / virtually impossible 替换 nearly / almost impossible. # k$ p# e' q9 {$ @3 p& V: v
32. regarding / concerning 替换 about. L& u; u! a3 @+ U
33. crucial /paramount 替换 important. 3 M- k7 J& [) X" b0 f# H# Z9 w% S
34. 第一（in the first place/the first and foremost）；第二（there is one more point, I should touch on, that…）；第三（the last but not the least）.
9 `6 S6 r7 \7 P, N" {# q; h35. assiduous 替换 hard-working. % K& D# Q! i1 r2 c# x5 W" e
36. arduous 替换 difficult. $ z( d1 Z- ?+ }7 }( e" g
37. underdeveloped / financially-challenged 替换poor（因为poor通常含有贬义）.
% O: e* T$ I3 Z3 G' n; o' K% j38. demonstrate / manifest 替换 show. ' y" I& R0 C1 u# H, S8 L5 X9 F
39. invariably 替换 always.
3 R( p5 o2 W# d! F: V& r8 o40. perilous / hazardous替换 dangerous. ) ~7 l6 T1 i+ S3 T2 ~% P1 L
41. formidable 替换 difficult.
5 i# f# q: r Y9 p8 d42. quintessential 替换 typical（举例时常用，例如：a quintessential example should be cited that=for example; for instance）. ! v# j! F9 J8 B; N/ n
43. distinguished 替换 famous.
' z: o+ H# E6 q1 N, B) B) e* k44. feasible 替换 possible.
% I1 h2 e u! w3 _7 C, h3 J45. consequently, accordingly替换 so. ) b# x9 b% \! |! z9 \* I& n4 |/ f
46. 通常，由数据推断出一定的结论，用Results indicate, infer, suggest, imply that……
2 j [1 \- F7 t7 P& g I% Y47. 最常见的引述别人观点的词汇 Much of the research in sexual selection in the last two decades has examined how a female’s preference that does not influence her immediate reproductive success can still evolve if it is genetically correlated with another character under direct selection.(不要每次写到研究时总用study，可以用些其它的词汇，比如examine，work。)
* n3 T- e$ s0 [$ QTwo hypotheses for female preference evolution—runaway sexual selection and good genes selection—state that preferences evolve indirectly because they are genetically correlated with male traits that are under direct selection; that is, the preferences themselves are not under direct selection.(在引述别人的观点时，如果不能完全同意，使用state 比show更加中立些。) 4 g' W4 s" J3 b
Studies of receiver biases suggest that such analogies might not be broadly applicable.(suggest,又一种较为客观的引述观点的表达方法。) - z7 h) r( O- @6 n9 W
Burley argued that the preference for red beaks is adaptive because it indicates male health, and this preference is then transferred to leg-band color.(argue,引用别人观点的又一表述。) ' V6 p# Y+ Y( n" a
According to the anti-monotony hypothesis, habituation plays an important role in the evolution of complex vocalizations in songbirds: Increased song complexity reduces habituation of neighboring males and courting females.(根据…)
) x5 o& @* }( B; s' U, iPrevious studies of acoustic and bioluminescent interactions had emphasized potential advantages to group-signaling organization, such as minimizing predation, preserving species-specific signal characters, or increasing the attractiveness of the group.(带有小小的强调)
6 U# b1 Z. f& C- O& q G4 e- l6 r48.常见的连接词有，However, also, in addition, consequently, afterwards, moreover, Furthermore, further, although, unlike, in contrast, Similarly, Unfortunately, alternatively, parallel results, In order to, despite, For example, Compared with, other results, thus, therefore……用好连接词能使文章层次清楚，意思明确。比如，叙述有时间顺序的事件或文献，最早的文献可用AA advocated it for the first time.接下来可用Then BB further demonstrated that. 再接下来，可用Afterwards, CC……如果还有，可用More recent studies by DD……
5 I4 a) r; u- G* R0 k& x) c来源：丁香园
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发表于 2015-4-30 10:43:59
